Explain the principles of relationship building with children, young adults and adults free essay sample

In any context the principles of relationship building with children, young adults and adults are the same. It is very important I build I a relationship with them so they feel comfortable in my company. This relationship overtime will allow them to trust me and encourage effective communication. Whilst building this relationship it is important to remember things that are significant to them as individuals on a personal level, their family life or a hobby they enjoy. This will show them that I have taken time to listen to them. Some factors I do without thinking about whilst others require a little more effort on my part. Effective communication happens in many different ways and is a key factor to developing relationships with children and adults. To build a positive relationship I must show respect, I should actively listen to people’s opinions. I also need to show consideration and take time to understand that issues outside school are occurring in their life, this could affect their behavior or that they are acting out of character. We will write a custom essay sample on Explain the principles of relationship building with children, young adults and adults or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When I am giving information to others I need to ensure that I am clear on key points. This is very important with children who struggle to maintain information and attention. By maintaining a sense of humor where possible can encourage an individual to relax and alleviate stress, especially if they are having a difficult home life or experiencing a challenging period of their life. If they are experiencing a difficult time it is important to be considerate. I must also remember that different backgrounds and cultures will have different views and perspectives on issues, values and beliefs. I need to be respectful of these at all times. Communication can breakdown in many ways, avoiding someone can lead to distrust, which in turn ruins the relationship that has needed so much work to build.

Eugenics in America essays

Eugenics in America essays What do you think of when you hear the word eugenics? Well, one thing that should come to mind is Hitler and what he did with the Jews and other people he thought were noncompliant to what he had in mind was the perfect human race. Not only did Hitler do this, but the American people thought it was ok in the mid 19th century. Even in our time there are some things that people are doing that could be considered as eugenics, such as genetic testing. These things and others will be talked about in this paper, and they will attempt to be better explained. What a few people think about eugenics is not necessarily what everybody else thinks about it. The reason for saying this is because from the mid 20th century up to the present, geneticists have been doing genetic testing. One main question that will be addressed is how have we as Americans and other societies of the world tried to control the science of improving the human stock for social and political reasons since 1865. To a nswer this question I guess we will have to start at the beginning. Eugenics was probably really started when Alfred Binet came up with the intelligence test in France. The test was made up of a series of short tasks that were in some way related to everyday problems. The hardest task that was successfully completed was associated to a persons mental age. There were however some concerns that Binet had because of the test. Some of these concerns were: it distinguished between natural knowledge and instruction and he worried about self-fulfilling prophecies. He intended for the test to be used for good to identify children to help and improve rather than to label and limit students. There was someone that wanted to use this test to distinguish between people of good mental health and those that were morons (Goddard). The person that wanted to do this was H H Goddard. He brought Binets scale to America fro...

Free Essays on Prejudice

Giving Up Prejudice Prejudice is a negative attitude towards a group of people who have some characteristic in common that is not shared by all people. An attitude is a person’s tendency to respond favorably or unfavorably to the objects and situations he or she encouterns. Attitudes towards a group or person are made up of three components: affective, cognitive, and behavioral. The affective composing concerns of how much the person likes or dislikes the attitude-object ex: person, group, thing. A cognitive component consists of people’s beliefs about attitudes-objects. Stereotype is used in prejudice that many beliefs, about some groups and it’s members have some basis facts but has usually an overly simplistic and inaccurate beliefs that all members of a certain group believe the same things and act in the same manner. The behavioral component concerns the way a person feels that he or she should act towards the attitude-objects. - Grolier Inc. People threw-out the world use prejudice. Some people due tend to use it and other people might use it without even knowing that they are being prejudice towards a group or person. In today’s society kids with out adults use prejudice against someone or something in today’s society. A true and hard to accept fact that today, is that gays are not accepted by many people. But there are people who have, like myself, and other that still discriminate or are prejudice against them. Off all the different types of predudice against homosexuals people who have sexual or romantic relationships with people l of the same sex as themeselves is perphaps one of which alot of people would think that is is very controversial in todays society. Alot of people can see it as another life. They do not have the same privileges that any heterosexual couple have. Firstly, marriage is said to be for a male and female and not for two people of the same sex. Secondly, the image ... Free Essays on Prejudice Free Essays on Prejudice Giving Up Prejudice Prejudice is a negative attitude towards a group of people who have some characteristic in common that is not shared by all people. An attitude is a person’s tendency to respond favorably or unfavorably to the objects and situations he or she encouterns. Attitudes towards a group or person are made up of three components: affective, cognitive, and behavioral. The affective composing concerns of how much the person likes or dislikes the attitude-object ex: person, group, thing. A cognitive component consists of people’s beliefs about attitudes-objects. Stereotype is used in prejudice that many beliefs, about some groups and it’s members have some basis facts but has usually an overly simplistic and inaccurate beliefs that all members of a certain group believe the same things and act in the same manner. The behavioral component concerns the way a person feels that he or she should act towards the attitude-objects. - Grolier Inc. People threw-out the world use prejudice. Some people due tend to use it and other people might use it without even knowing that they are being prejudice towards a group or person. In today’s society kids with out adults use prejudice against someone or something in today’s society. A true and hard to accept fact that today, is that gays are not accepted by many people. But there are people who have, like myself, and other that still discriminate or are prejudice against them. Off all the different types of predudice against homosexuals people who have sexual or romantic relationships with people l of the same sex as themeselves is perphaps one of which alot of people would think that is is very controversial in todays society. Alot of people can see it as another life. They do not have the same privileges that any heterosexual couple have. Firstly, marriage is said to be for a male and female and not for two people of the same sex. Secondly, the image ...

Organic (Biological) Weathering Explained

Organic (Biological) Weathering Explained Organic weathering, also called bioweathering or biological weathering, is the general name for biological processes of weathering that break down rocks. This includes the physical penetration and growth of roots and digging activities of animals (bioturbation), as well as the action of lichens and moss on various minerals.   How Organic Weathering Fits Into the Larger Geological Picture Weathering is a process by which surface rock breaks down. Erosion is a process by which weathered rock is moved by natural forces such as wind, waves, water, and ice. There are three types of weathering: Physical or mechanical weathering (for example, water gets into cracks in rock and then freezes, pushing against the rock from the inside);Chemical weathering (for example, oxygen interacts with iron in rocks, causing the iron to turn to rust and thus weakening the rock)Organic or biological weathering (for example, the roots of a tree grow into boulders in the soil and splitting the boulders apart over time) While these different types of weathering can be described as different from one another, they also work together. For example, tree roots may split boulders more easily because the rocks have been weakened as a result of chemical or physical weathering.   Plant-Related Biological Weathering Tree roots, because of their size, cause a significant amount of biological weathering. But even much smaller plant-related actions can weather rocks. For example: Weeds pushing through road surfaces or cracks in boulders can expand gaps in the rock. These gaps fill with water. When the water freezes, the roads or boulders crack. Lichen (fungi and algae living together in a symbiotic relationship) can cause a great deal of weathering. Chemicals produced by fungi can break down the minerals in rocks. Algae consume the minerals. As this process of breakdown and consumption continues, rocks start to develop holes.  As described above, holes in rocks are vulnerable to physical weathering caused by the freeze/melt cycle. Animal-Related Biological Weathering Animal interactions with rock can cause significant weathering. As with plants, animals can set the stage for further physical and chemical weathering. For example: Tiny burrowing animals secrete acids or scrape their way into rock to create rocky burrows. This process weakens the rock and actually starts the weathering process.Larger animals leave feces or urine on rock. The chemicals in animal waste can corrode minerals in rock.Larger burrowing animals shift and move rock, creating spaces where water can accumulate and freeze. Human-Related Biological Weathering Human beings have a dramatic weathering effect. Even a simple path in the woods has an impact on the soil and rocks that make up the path. Major changes affected by humans include: Construction moving, scoring, and smashing rock for construction of buildings and transportation systemsMining massive projects involve stripping entire hillsides or making major changes to or removing rock from under the surface of the EarthAgriculture in addition to moving rocks to make farming possible, human beings also change the composition of the soil through fertilization and application of herbicides.

The Issue with Sex Offenders at MySpace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Issue with Sex Offenders at MySpace - Essay Example Sullivan discusses the fallout of the seemingly innocuous experiment run by Wired News reporter Kevin Poulsen, in which Poulsen matched registered sex offenders against MySpace profiles and discovered hundreds of matches (116). MySpace’s response was to hire a third-party vendor to compare member profiles to registered sex offender rolls and â€Å"root out sex criminals from the site† (117). A debate arose, however, regarding the amount of time associated with the action that MySpace took. MySpace identified 7,000 profiles of members who were potentially on the registered sex offender rolls, but this action took several months. MySpace promptly deleted the profiles but did not notify authorities at the same time (117). Sullivan states that â€Å"the presence of 7,000 registered offenders on the site—and the time span required to remove them, raises inevitable questions about MySpace’s ability to keep its neighborhood safe† (119). Conversely, Texas A & M student Kevin Alexander wrote â€Å"MySpace Not Responsible for Predators†, an article discussing the experience of a 14-year old girl who met and was allegedly raped by a 19-year old man she befriended on MySpace (119). Alexander argues that the lack of age verification by MySpace does not preclude the responsibility of those using the service to act with caution and common sense (119). He believes that culpability resides with the parent and child who made poor decisions with tragic consequences (120). When setting up a profile, MySpace users must sign a waiver indicating that they understand that MySpace has no control over the actions of its users online or offline (120). The nature of the MySpace service limits the amount of power the company has over who is a member at any given time. Even the action taken in the previous example in which MySpace checked member profiles against the registered sex offender rolls would not have identified this particular situation as a threat to anyone. Online users should be aware of the dangers inherent to cyberspace usage, protect their personal information, and only consider meeting online acquaintances in secure situations. Additionally, parents should educate their children, monitor their online behavior, and not allow them to meet strangers without supervision (120). According to Alexander, by using MySpace, the mother, in this case, sends â€Å"the wrong message by deflecting the responsibility onto a Web site that has no control over sociopaths† (120). Both authors agree that there is a risk inherent to the use of services such as the one offered by MySpace. However, they differ in the assessment of who should assume the responsibility of mitigating this risk. Sullivan prescribes to the idea that companies are ultimately responsible to protect the end users of their products and services wherever possible. Sullivan implies that MySpace has a social responsibility to identify threats and take act ion to create a safe and secure environment, and to protect the children who use the service for fun and entertainment. Alexander believes that people must apply common sense and act in an individually responsible manner. Users should be cautious and careful in all online interactions, and should not depend on the company to do this for them.  

Communication in Business Report Lab Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Communication in Business - Lab Report Example These will be elaborated in detail in this report. It is with great concern that Nike is committed to abide entirely with the United Nations Global Compact as guiding principles in all operations of the company. This not only improves the social status of the company but ensures a better working environment that supports innovations and new ways of operations in the company. These are our aims at Nike Company. Compared with Adidas and other competitors, Nike has a more than 47% of market share in sport shoes, though companies such as Adidas produce other products such as Jewelry, the company has a leading market share compared to its competitors. 2.0 Compliance with principles 6 and 8 2.1 Compliance with principle 6 on respect to discrimination and employment Nike is an equal opportunity employer across all its factories. Currently the company has more than 450,000 employees across the globe. This is in addition to thousands others who are indirectly employed by the company. Incident ally among the 450,000 employees, 85% are women (Boje, 1999). The company believes in affirmative action in improving the status of the female workers unlike other companies that have a higher population of males among their employees. In addition, the company is spread in various parts of the glob; in America and Asia and among these factories, Nike employs all races of employees without discrimination. The company to ensure leadership ensures that promotions and appointments in all positions are on a competitive basis disregarding race, gender, religious or any other factor that might be discriminative to employees. The company has put up policies and measures to ensure that it is fully compliant with the Health Code of Conduct and Equal Opportunity Acts and the Occupational Safety and Health Acts that would guide in ensuring a positive working environment (Buckley, 2011). Adidas on the other hand has no scandals relating to poor wages and child labor in overseas markets, and this puts the company much ahead of Nike in customer’s image and perception (Boje, 2001). 2.2 Compliance with policy 8 on environmental responsibility To achieve environmental responsibility, the company has over the time involved experts in analyzing the production process in a review that would enhance improvements in areas where pollution is indicated (Boje, 2009). The company has also initiated policies that would reduce pollution. These include recycling, adoption of greener technologies in the manufacturing process and have in the meantime phased out all PVC plastics in shoes and other products since 1998 (Tamara, 2001). The company has put in place measures and policies and is working towards certification in ISO14000 environmental standards in all the 600 subcontract factories (Tamara, 2001). T

Wrist watches Industry Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Wrist watches Industry - Assignment Example Nevertheless, the English and Swiss watchmaker's dominance in the wristwatch industry would have been subjected to various threats due to innovations occurring from the rest of the world. For example, the Swiss watchmakers were repeatedly unable to react properly to these emerging innovations in the technological aspects of wrist watch design. The industry serves as a proof that many watch-making companies across the world would often do the same mistake repeatedly. These companies often were unable to detect the trends and cycles of the changes in watch-making technology in order to get prepared for it. The great examples of these technological changes were the 'Quartz technology' and the 'following shift of emphasis to fashion has had dramatic impacts on the watch industry' (HEGARTY and CORNER, 1996). Japanese watch-making companies were able to grasp the opportunity that the Quartz technology has to offer which made them more dominant than Swiss companies. However, the later emphasis on design and fashion on wristwatches brought back the glory and dominance back to Swiss watch-making companies. The development of Quartz technology made Japanese companies dominant for a while. Japanese companies were so overwhelmed by their successes that they were unable to detect the upcoming trend in wristwatch industry, which is emphasis on fashion and style. These new trend was dominated by the Swiss companies for the next 10 years (HEGARTY and CORNER, 1996)Wristwatch companies, both Swiss and Japanese alike, were unable to respond well to the threats that were coming their way when they were in their dominant position which unable them to understand future needs and preferences of wristwatch buyers. 'The Swiss and English did not recognise the threat that machined watches with interchangeab le parts were to them and they lost large market share in the Nineteenth century. It took almost half of a century for Swiss companies to recover market share up to and during WWII' (HEGARTY and CORNER, 1996). However, Swiss companies' efforts to take back the watch industry proved to be successful at the turn of the 20th century. The introduction of the Dingley Tariff Law enabled companies such as Bulova, Benrus, Gruen, and Longines-Wittnauer to 'assemble watches in the U.S. with Swiss movements'. The Swiss developed more accurate techniques and founded their factories on the knowledge acquired by Mr. 'Favre-Perret's visit to the U.S'. It was the Swiss companies' focused on advancement in mechanical parts and development of 'complications such as calendars, chronographs (stop watches), and self-winding models' that helped them sustained their dominance. On the other hand, Rolex, with the development 'first water resistant watch in the 1920s and the first automatic winder in 1931' contributed to Swiss dominance. Moreover, Swiss watchmakers made smaller wristwatches with more accuracy and reliability. As a result, 80% of worldwide wristwatch market was won back by two Swiss companies by th e conclusion of the Second World War. Even though 'Allied factories' re-focused to wristwatch production after the second world war, Swiss watchmake

Development methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Development methods - Essay Example There are both undertaken to improve the performance measure or increase the cost saving opportunities. Organic growth is whereby a strategy is achieved through building on advancing the capabilities of an organization. It is defined as the growth rates of the firm excluding the scale increases from mergers, acquisition or takeovers (Hess, 2007). In strategic alliance, more than one  firm  shares resources and activities in order to pursue a strategy. Hassanien, Dale and Clarke (2010, 17) define strategic alliance as an arrangement between two or more independent firms, which makes a decision of operating in a certain business. This is through jointly coordinating resources and skills on their own or merging their operations. Microfinance industry is one of the institutions that have been growing significantly through organic, merger, acquisition and strategic alliance. This sector has attracted many investors because of varied reasons, hence strategically increasing the performance level. The first reason is that the industry is not only based on financial motives but also managerial and market share motives. Many microfinance firms have been operating their business where there are potential markets. Shenkar and Reuer (2006, p. 123) argue that many microfinance industries strive to survive in the global competitive market; thus many of them seek for alternative means of surviving in the competitive global market. Therefore, they conduct mergers and acquisitions as well as choose organic growth and strategic alliance in order to achieve successful business performance. The merger between Britvic and AG Barr is inclined; thus it is a share deal with management emerging from both companies. The deal is structured as an acquisition from both companies and the shareholders seem to be on the top. Both organizations share the shame profits and the annual cost savings are

Is Technology Killing Middle-Income Jobs in the U.S Essay

Is Technology Killing Middle-Income Jobs in the U.S - Essay Example While some middle-class workers have joined the top levels of income, a greater number of the middle-class workers have been pushed down to the lower-wage and lower-skill service jobs (Zaccone 1). The actual situation is worse than what it seems to be when studied from the surface. A vast majority of the jobs that have been lost are the ones that might never return, and the experts of the labor market consent that more of them are expected to disappear in the near future (Condon and Wiseman). These jobs from the US are neither only being lost to such developing countries as China nor are they simply factory work. These jobs are increasingly being lost in the service sector that is home to almost two-thirds of all middle-class workers in the US. Technology is rapidly obliterating these jobs. â€Å"If it’s not solved, then in the coming decades you can expect a self-perpetuating privileged elite to accrue more and more of the wealth generated by software and robots, telling the mselves that they’re carrying the entire world on their backs† (Evans). Science fiction has been warning of a future in which man would design his own obsolescence as he would be replaced by machines for decades, and that future has already become the present. The influence of technology on the contemporary systems and organizations is tremendous. Indeed, many of the contemporary systems fundamentally depend upon technology. Benefits derived from the use of technology in the workplace include but are not limited to improved productivity, improved and consistent quality of work, increased reliability of work, and streamlining and organization of different units in the system. Use of technology has benefited the entrepreneurs in two fundamental ways; firstly, it has increased the productivity and quality of work so that there are no reworks and wastage of time, and secondly, increased dependence on technology has reduced the need for manual labor, thus cutting down the co sts of businesses by obviating the need for the entrepreneurs to pay the workers. While on one hand, this has made the circumstances extremely favorable for the entrepreneurs and business owners, the situation is far worse for the workers on the other hand. The richest 1 per cent of the Americans have experienced a growth of 33 per cent in their income over the last two decades and have thus left a vast majority of the average Americans in the dust (Censky). â€Å"Today the top 1 percent of Americans control 43 percent of the financial wealth†¦while the bottom 80 percent control only 7 percent of the wealth† (â€Å"American Pie†). The widening gap between the rich and the poor is explained by two fundamental factors; globalization and technological advancement. Contemporary organizations are tremendously dependent upon the technology which can in part be attributed to the rapid advancement of technology. Software that are employed in running the computers and a ho st of devices and machines are upgraded every single year so that they become more powerful and sophisticated. One of the main objectives of designing and introducing new models in the market is to improve the machines’ capability of performing the tasks traditionally performed by manual workforce more efficiently. â€Å"The jobs that are going away aren't coming back. I have never

The Meaning of Life (Full Essay) Essay Example for Free

The Meaning of Life (Full Essay) Essay Somebody knocks on door: Who is there? Police? What do you want? We want to talk. How many of you are there? Two. So talk with each other. There are two types of guests: the ones, who want to stay longer, and the ones, who want to go home asap. Strangely enough, these two types are normally found in married couples. Whats worse than eating an apple and finding a worm? Eating an apple and finding half a worm. Plants discuss: Broccoli: It seems to me that I am like a tree. Walnut: And Im like little brains. Mushroom: Ha, but I look like an umbrella. Banana: I do not like this conversation Men are having a good time in bar, just one sits sad. Peter, why are you so sad? My wife was diagnosed with AIDS Men, just kidding. Why all of you get so scared? A singer during his tour arrives to a small province town and asks for a pretty high fee: Everybody knows me – says he to the chairman of local culture office, trying to persuade him. Finally the concert takes place, but only three people came to it. You are a liar, you told me that everyone knows you, but only three man came to your concert, rebels the chairman. Of course, says the singer – only those three came, who didn’t know me. In a restaurant: What would you like to eat? I would prefer to read the menu first. If you want to read, go to the library. A guy comes into a bar and asks the barman to place 10 mugs and fill in with the beer. The bartender places mugs and starts filling them. The guy follows him and drink beer immediately. The bartender asks: -Why are you so in a hurry? -If you would have, what I have, you would be also in a hurry. The bartender steps back a little bit and asks: -And what do you have? -Somewhere around 70 cents. Funny jokes from daily life Imprisonment A mother writes a letter to her sun, who is in a prison. Dear sun, lifes so hard for me since they took you to a prison: nobody digs a vegetable garden, nobody plants potatos The sun writes back to her mother: Mom, please stay away from the garden. If you start digging it, the police may come and both take you to a prison and prolong mine imprisonment.. Mother writes back to her sun: Darling, together with your last letter police came. They digged all over the garden, but havent found anything. The left being extremely frustrated. Sun writes his mom: I helped as much, as I could with this. Please plant the potatos by yourself. Funny jokes from daily life A shot Doc, isnt it harmful to drink a shot before eating? No its not, if you dont eat too often Funny jokes from daily life Glasses Doc, I think I need to wear glasses Indeed you have to, you are in a bank. Funny jokes from daily life Concert The organizers of the concert complain to the conductor of a choir: You were supposed to bring a mixed choir, but I can see only men here. But it is a mixed choir – half of them know how to sing, and the other half- do not. Funny jokes from daily life Stupid Im sorry I hurt your feelings when I called you stupid. I really thought you already knew it. Funny jokes from daily life- Teeth VS Tongue Teeth says to tongue: if I just press a little, youll get cut. Tongue replies: if i misuse a single word, all 32 of you will come out. Funny jokes from daily life the Boss A boss took one of his employees to show his new sports car. That is amazing the employee was fascinated. That is true replied boss and if you set your new goals higher and work even harder I can get an even better car next year. Funny jokes from daily life Compliment I hate it when you offer someone a sincere compliment about their mustache, and suddenly she is not your friend anymore Funny jokes from daily life Driving Man returning with his wife from guests. Drunk man drives car better than his sober wife. But there is only one problem, how to explain that to the policeman? Funny jokes from daily life Vacation Where are you going for vacation this year? I checked my budget and decided that I didnt get tired. Funny jokes from daily life fat Its not the dress that makes you look fat. Its the fat. Funny jokes from daily life: Does laugh prolong life? Is it true that 5 minutes of laugh prolongs your life by 5 minutes? It depends who you are laughing at – it may as well shorten it Funny jokes from daily life Device At the Court discussion between judge and villager: So you was propeling surrogate alcohol? Me? No! What do you mean no? You have a device for that means propeled. Then please judge me also for rape So you have raped someone also? Well no but I have a device Funny jokes from daily life Old woman The old woman comes to a gynecologist. He inspects her and says with the surprice: An old woman, youre pregnant! How did you managed at your age? Oh, those teens. They always asks to tell them everything, then show and give to try Funny jokes from daily life A fool On a beach a man shouts at another man: Tell your son not to imitate me. A man to his son: Son, stop playing the fool. Funny jokes from daily life A high fives You know what I was thinking about right now? What it would be like to have six fingers. high fives would be different. Funny jokes from daily life Debtor The best way to make somebody remember you is to borrow money from them. Funny jokes from daily life Folk Our folk not only knows how to read between the lines but also how to leave a record between the eyes. Funny jokes from daily life At the shop Can I help you? No. I just waited in the line for 30 minutes to say Hi. Funny jokes from daily life A false image I may look calm, but in my mind I have killed you three times already. Funny jokes from daily life Riches Yes, money cannot buy happiness, but it is much more comfortable to cry in a new BMW than on a bike. Funny jokes from daily life Assurance I never make the same mistake twice. I make it 5-6 times, just to be sure. Funny jokes from daily life A fence Why is there a fence around the cemetery? Because people are dying to get in. Funny jokes from daily life 100 dollar bill A: Why are you late? B: There was a man who lost a hundred dollar bill. A: Thats nice. Were you helping him look for it? B: No, I was standing on it. Funny jokes from daily life Rolls A family bought an apartment and started interior decorations. Wife tells her husband: Honey, go to the neighbors and ask how many rolls of wallpapers they have bought when they were decorating their walls. The husband went to the neighbors and he was told: Twelve rolls. The family bought twelve rolls, started decorating but at the end six rolls were left unused. Angry husband goes to the neighbors: Hey you, shitty pigs, couldn’t you have told me the truth? We have six rolls left now. We have six rolls left as well, answered the neighbor. Funny jokes from daily life Claustrofobia What is Claustrophobia? This is a fear of closed space. For example, you go to a store for a beer and are afraid that it will be closed. Funny jokes from daily life Yard How many feet are in the yard? That depends on how many people are standing in it. Funny jokes from daily life Stupid passengers The policeman stops the driver and says: You won 500 dollars for wearing a safety belt. What will you do with the winning? I do not know, probably will pass the exam for a driving license Then his wife says: Do not listen! He always talk like that when he is drunk. Passenger from rear wakes up: I told you that we wont go far away with the stolen car! At the same time voice from the trunk: Have we already crossed the border? Funny jokes from daily life Smoking.

Starbucks Target Market

Starbucks Target Market Starbucks open its first coffee store in Seattle, Washington and at the end of 1990 Starbucks expand its headquarters in Seattle and also build a new roasting plant. In 1990s Starbucks opens 60 retails shops in United Kingdom. At the end of 2000s Starbucks total branches was 3500. Coffee is one of the rapidly growing industry in this world. According to national coffee association, USA 49% of American age 18 and more drink coffee beverage every day. Coffee industry was in peak of its success at the end of 1990s. Starbucks purchases and roasts high-quality whole bean coffees and sold them along with fresh brewed coffees, Italian style espresso beverages, gold blended beverages, a various complementary food items, coffee related accessories and equipment. TARGETED MARKET AT THE TIME OF LAUNCHING At the time of Starbucks launching the target market was upper income class. But during 1990s Starbucks realise that the growth of Starbucks depends on the middle or lower class incomes because these two classes are more motivated and go to the discounted products. Starbucks also focus on consumer habits and share its speciality of coffee with the buyers. In the end of 20th century there are many changes in market that helped Starbucks getting successful. The most important change of the last twenty, thirty years is the changes of economic policies over the world. Starbucks target market was 18 years to 24 years young professional because they are not yet been loyal with coffee industry. Starbucks strategy comprises to locate its stores at picky places such as the first floor of blocks of offices, underground main entrance and urban areas. An addition to sales through its company-operated retail stores and licensed retail operations, Starbucks sells coffee and tea products through ot her channels like distribution targeting restaurants, hotels, colleges and universities and other work places. Starbucks stated goal is to become the leading retailer and brand of coffee in each of its target markets and it aims to achieve this goal through continued aggressive expansion of Company operated retail locations. STARBUCKS STRATEGY Starbucks adopt different type of strategy to build its branding in the market. Starbucks has numbers of capabilities likes market leadership and its outlets as customers means its locations which means it is the place where customers can relax from work or home and its supply chain management. To try to keep the coffee taste in the stores clean, Starbucks banned smoking and asked employees to refresh from draining perfumes. Prepared foods were kept covered so consumer would smell coffee only instead of other food. Starbucks is culture oriented company who introduce new techniques like commuter mugs and T shirts in different regions of USA that was in keeping with each citys culture(like peach shape coffee mugs for Atlanta State, Paul Revere picture for Boston State and the Statue of Liberty for New York city). To make sure that Starbucks stores reach the maximum standards, the company used mystery shoppers who posed as customers and rated each location on à Ã‚ ° number à Ã‚ ¾f criteria. Starbucks internal operations can be divided into two parts: Retail and Specialty. The Retail division is governed directly by Starbucks Corporation. The Specialty division includes foodservice, licensing agreements to overseas outlets and revenue from foreign joint ventures. STARBUCKS AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Starbucks main objective was to launch itself as the most renowned and respected brand in the world. The company main objective was to the expansion of its branches all over the world, to broad its retail business, develop new techniques, product and introduce new distribution channels in order to achieve its goals. The company another aims was establish its brand as a leading brand in coffee market by selling high quality products, providing better services and build relationship between customers and the Starbucks. SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTHS OF STARBUCKS Starbucks is good at taking advantage of opportunities. Starbucks is internationally recognized and has a global presence Starbucks has strong ethical values. WEAKNESSES Reliable on beverage innovation Starbucks 50% business is in USA from last three decades. Starbucks need to spread its business all over the world to spread its business risk. Starbucks is dependent on a main competitive advantage, the retail of coffee. It could make them slow to diversify into other sectors should the need arise. OPPORTUNITIES Company has the opportunity to expand its business around the globe In 2004 the company created a CD burning service in their Santa Monica (California USA) cafe with Hewlett Packard, where customers create their own music CD. THREATS Starbucks are increasing the cost of coffee and dairy products Consumer taste might be change in future. Consumer can replace coffee with other cold beverage or leisure activity. CONCLUSION Starbucks is a leading company around the globe. Starbucks used  a very simple strategy, connecting links between treating employees with dignity and respect and producing à Ã‚ ° good product and services. That was the major factors that differentiate Starbucks from others and bring the successful to Starbucks.

Aphrodite :: essays research papers

APHRODITE (a-fro-DYE-tee; Roman name Venus) was the goddess of love, beauty and fertility. She was also a protectress of sailors. The poet Hesiod said that Aphrodite was born from sea-foam. Homer, on the other hand, said that she was the daughter of Zeus and Dione. When the Trojan prince Paris was asked to judge which of three Olympian goddesses was the most beautiful, he chose Aphrodite over Hera and Athena. The latter two had hoped to bribe him with power and victory in battle, but Aphrodite offered the love of the most beautiful woman in the world. This was Helen of Sparta, who became infamous as Helen of Troy when Paris subsequently eloped with her. In the ensuing Trojan War, Hera and Athena were implacable enemies of Troy while Aphrodite was loyal to Paris and the Trojans. IN HOMER In his epic of the Trojan War, Homer tells how Aphrodite intervened in battle to save her son Aeneas, a Trojan ally. The Greek hero Diomedes, who had been on the verge of killing Aeneas, attacked the goddess herself, wounding her on the wrist with his spear and causing the ichor to flow. (Ichor is what immortals have in the place of blood.) Aphrodite promptly dropped Aeneas, who was rescued by Apollo, another Olympian sponsor of the Trojans. In pain she sought out her brother Ares, the god of war who stood nearby admiring the carnage, and borrowed his chariot so that she might fly up to Olympus. There she goes crying to her mother Dione, who soothes her and cures her wound. Her father Zeus tells her to leave war to the likes of Ares and Athena, while devoting herself to the business of marriage. Elsewhere in Homer's Iliad , Aphrodite saves Paris when he is about to be killed in single combat by Menelaus. The goddess wraps him in a mist and spirits him away, setting him down in his own bedroom in Troy. She then appears to Helen in the guise of an elderly handmaiden and tells her that Paris is waiting for her. Helen recognizes the goddess in disguise and asks if she is being led once more to ruin. For Aphrodite had bewitched her into leaving her husband Menelaus to run off with Paris. She dares to suggest that Aphrodite go to Paris herself. Suddenly furious, the goddess warns Helen not to go too far, lest she be abandoned to the hatred of Greeks and Trojans alike.

Violence On Television And The V-chip :: essays research papers

Violence on Television and the V-chip Television programs that generate a great deal of concern among parent and educators are those that contain violence. The questionable violence, sex and language on television have caused the nation to find methods of censoring these problems. Due to television violence, censorship should reduce the ability for children to view violent content.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Children have an easy access to violence on television from violent programs through movie channels. The public’s concern has been reflected in congressional hearings and massive studies on the effect of TV violence, especially on children. Dr. James C. Dobson from the Focus on the Family Newsletter says: If you have any doubt about the influence MTV wishes to exert on today’s adolescents, watch their popular program Beavis and Butthead†¦They use crude words, fondle themselves, do horribly cruel things to animals, and sit around watching heavy-metal videos as bright green stuff runs from their noses†¦Beavis and Butthead took a trip to a rifle range where they accidentally shot down a plane. They had difficulty opening the door of the wrecked plane, so they left women and children to die inside. This is the fare served up to preteens and adolescents by the company that seek to shape an entire generation (Hendershot 13) In 1994 a small child burned down his trailer house, killing his baby sister. His mother responded to the accident by saying that he learned to do so by watching Beavis and Butthead. Instead of legal issues, MTV responded by moving the program to a later time. (Hendershot 14)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many reasons to be concerned about violence. Television violence is more frequent then real violence. Television violence spares the views the suffering of the victim and the disorder of the killer. By the time a child is the age of 18, they will see 115,000 violent acts on television. (Hefzallah 88) An eleven-year-old child reported, â€Å"I was scared when I saw Friday the 13th. Whenever the girl went into the water and Jason stuck a knife in her and all this blood was in the water-I got real scared.† (Abelman 28) Robert Singer voiced: Working-class children, minority children, unpopular children and children doing poorly in school seem to be the ones more susceptible to imitating the aggression that they see on television. This may be partly because they watch more hours and are exposed to more television violence†¦Television may or may not contribute to their aggressive behavior, but their aggressive nature does play a major role in what they choose to watch.

Will Cliff

An atom is the smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical m means and an element Is a pure substance made of only one kind of atom. An element Is made up o f only one kind of atom. The atomic number and mass shows the amounts of that atom In proto ins, electrons, and neutrons. The atom Is the smallest unit of the element. 2) An atom is the smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down and a molecule is a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.In a molecule there are atoms being brought HTH together to make a molecule. 3) In a ionic bond the atoms are brought together by the attraction of oppositely char De ions and an ion is when an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons. A c bivalent bond Is sharing of two paired electrons together. There can one or more pairs In a co valet bond. 4) The type of weak bond that forms between water molecules is a hydrogen bond.T he hydrogen bond is the attraction of two water molecules. 5) The di fference between polar molecules and monopole molecules is that polar mole culls are molecules with an unequal distribution of electrical charge, such as water molecules. A monopole molecule is a molecule that shares electron equally and does not have ends with pop site charges. 6) Sodium chloride Is an example of a compound because It Is a substance made of t woo different elements. ) The difference between cohesion and adhesion is that cohesion is an attraction of molecules of the same substance and adhesion is the attraction between molecules of different substances. 2) A substance would not dissolve well in water is oil because the water molecules ar e more attracted to each other than to the monopole molecules. This shows why OLL clumps or bleeds In water and doesn't dissolve In It. 3) The difference between acids and bases is that.

Management and Co-ordination

Coordination Definition of Coordination Co-ordination is the unification, integration, synchronization of the efforts of group members so as to provide unity of action in the pursuit of common goals. It is a hidden force which binds all the other functions of management. According to Mooney and Reelay, â€Å"Co-ordination is orderly arrangement of group efforts to provide unity of action in the pursuit of common goals†. According to Charles Worth, â€Å"Co-ordination is the integration of several parts into an orderly hole to achieve the purpose of understanding†. Management seeks to achieve co-ordination through its basic functions of planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. That is why, co-ordination is not a separate function of management because achieving of harmony between individuals efforts towards achievement of group goals is a key to success of management. Co-ordination is the essence of management and is implicit and inherent in all functions of management. Ingredient of all the Managerial Functions A manager can be compared to an orchestra conductor since both of them have to create rhythm and unity in the activities of group members. Co-ordination is an integral element or ingredient of all the managerial functions as discussed below: – 1. Co-ordination through Planning – Planning facilitates co-ordination by integrating the various plans through mutual discussion, exchange of ideas. e. g. – co-ordination between finance budget and purchases budget. 2. Co-ordination through Organizing – Mooney considers co-ordination as the very essence of organizing. In fact when a manager groups and assigns various activities to subordinates, and when he creates department’s co-ordination uppermost in his mind. . Co-ordination through Staffing – A manager should bear in mind that the right no. of personnel in various positions with right type of education and skills are taken which will ensure right men on the right job. 4. Co-ordination through Directing – The purpose of giving orders, instructions & guidance to the subordinates is served only when there is a harmony between sup eriors & subordinates. 5. Co-ordination through Controlling – Manager ensures that there should be co-ordination between actual performance & standard performance to achieve organizational goals. Differences between Co-ordination and Co-operation |Basis |Co-ordination |Co-operation | |Meaning |It is an orderly arrangement of group efforts in |It means mutual help willingly. | | |pursuit of common goals. | | |Scope |It is broader than co-operation which includes as well|It is termed as a part of co-ordination. | |because it harmonizes the group efforts. | | |Process |The function of co-ordination is performed by top |The functions of co-operation are prepared by persons at | | |management. |any level. | |Requirements |Co-ordination is required by employees and departments|Co-operation is emotional in nature because it depends on | | |at work irrespective of their work. |the willingness of people working together. |Relationship |It establishes formal and informal relationships. |It establishes informal relationship. | |Freedom |It is planned and entrusted by the central authority &|It depends upon the sweet will of the individuals and | | |it is essential. |therefore it is not necessary. | |Support |It seeks wholehearted support from various people |Co-operation without co-ordination is fruitless & | | |working at various levels. therefore it may lead to unbalanced developments. | Therefore, existence of co-operation may prove to be effective condition or requisite for co-ordination. But it does not mean that co-ordination originates automatically from the voluntary efforts of the group of members. It has to be achieved through conscious & deliberate efforts of managers, therefore to conclude we can say that co-operation without co-ordination has no fruit and co-ordination without co-operation has no root.

Errors of Attribution

With reference to research discuss two errors in attributions. (22 marks) The Attribution Theory is a concept of social psychology that makes reference to how individuals feel the need to provide ‘cause to the events around us’. Fritz Heider first proposed the theory ‘The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations (1958), which was later developed by others such as Harold Kelley and Bernard Weiner. The developed definition of this theory refers to the role of our minds in relation to our social behaviour. There are two main categories within this particular theory, Situational factors, which refer to how one’s environment and external circumstances can influence an individual, whilst Dispositional factors refer to our personality and our traits, factors that are to do with us as people. The Self- Serving Bias focuses on the way in which we as individuals tend to associate successes with our internal ability and characteristics and equating failures to external factors. The reason that this is seen as a common human tendency is because people acknowledge success as a way of positively influencing their self-esteem levels. This bias can affect our opportunities to learn from our mistakes and improve- by refusing to accept responsibility for our failures, our skill levels remain unchanged. Although this bias can be recognized in people throughout modern day society, Lewinsohn et al (1980) proposed that the bias will have the complete opposite effect on people who have a low self esteem or see themselves in a negative light. All successes are seen as luck rather than ability, whilst failures are seen as dispositional factors, generally seeing stupidity as the sole factor for their mistakes. Ironically, Lewinsohn suggests that depressed individuals will see themselves more realistically, making more practical attributions about their personality than a ‘normal’ person will. A study that was carried out by Johnson (1964), demonstrated a Self Serving Bias through teaching. Participants (psychology students) taught two children how to multiply numbers by 10 and 20. The study was done in two phases through a one-way intercom. The first phase was to teach them how to multiply by 10, the second, by 20. After each phase, the participants were able to access the worksheets that the children used and were told to evaluate the children’s progress. The worksheets had been constructed in such a way that pupil A gave the correct answers in both worksheets, and depending on the circumstance, pupil B either did badly in both worksheets, or did badly for the first and improved in the second. The participants were therefore asked to assess their teaching abilities based on the pupils’ results. What Johnson found was that in the situation where pupil B improved, the participant saw this improvement as an indication of their abilities as teachers. When pupil B did not improve, the participants blamed the failure on the pupil’s lack of ability. Wolosin, Sherman and Till (1973) is another classic example of a study examining the self-serving bias. Participants in this study partook in a decision-making activity, in which they chose geographical locations where they believed they were most likely to meet a friend. In the first phase, the participant was performing the task whilst co-operating with another individual. The second phase consisted of the participant competing against the individual. After these two experiments were completed, the participants were given feedback. In the co-operative phase, the participant assumed more responsibility when they received positive comments, in contrast with the participants who received negative or neutral feedback. This again reiterates the point that individuals will exhibit self-biased attributions, whilst in circumstances of failure; they will provide situational factors for their lack of success. Although there is evidence to support this error of attribution, there are also contradictions to the theory. Zuckerman (1979) argued that this bias depends on our desire to maintain our self-esteem. He reasons that it we attribute our successes to dispositional factors it improves our self-esteem, whilst if we deny responsibility to failure, we are protecting our self-esteem, therefore suggesting that it all depends on the individual. Cross-cultural examination also shows that the bias is consistent. Heine (1999) and Kashima & Triandis (1986) used studies to support the theory. They found that in collectivistic cultures such as Japan, members are far less likely to attribute success to dispositional factors compared to individualistic cultures such as the US or the UK. Kashima & Triandis found that when Japanese and American participants were asked to remember slides from unfamiliar countries, Americans tended to attribute success towards their ability, whilst the Japanese attributed failure to lack of ability. This study therefore shows that there is definitely a link between maintenance of self-esteem and self-serving bias, in individualistic cultures. Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE) refers to the tendency for individuals to view behaviour as a significant factor. Therefore, we tend to overestimate dispositional factors and underestimate situational factors when attempting to explain behaviour in a member of society. The reason for this attribution error, is because generally, we focus more on the individual in the specific situation, which leads to us making judgments and decisions relating to their personality- internal attributions, simply because we do not have enough information on their character to make a balanced assessment. Lee Ross first introduced this term in 1977 defining it as ‘The tendency to underestimate the importance of situational determinants and overestimate the degree to which actions and outcomes reflect the actor’s dispositions. Napolitan and Goethals (1979) examined the theory by asking student participants to talk individually to a woman told to behave either aloof and critical or friendly and warm. The first batch of participants were told that she was acting spontaneously, whilst the other half was told that she was instructed to behave in a certain way towards them. Interestingly, the knowledge of her instructions versus spontaneity had no effect on the participants, all of whom attributed her behaviour to internal dispositional factors rather than situational. Another classic demonstration of the study was by Jones and Harris (1967). They hypothesized that people would attribute apparently free-chosen behaviour to disposition and instructed behaviour to situational factors. This was investigated by asking participants to read a series of Fidel Castro essays, some of which were pro and others were anti Fidel Castro. After reading these essays, the subjects were asked to rate the attitudes of the writers. When the subjects believed that the writers had chosen freely on their position on Castro, the participants naturally assumed that the essays reflected the genuine attitude towards Castro. However, even when the subjects were told that the writers had no choice, they still believed that the essays reflected their actual views on Castro. This supports the error of attribution because despite the fact that the participants knew that the writers were heavily constrained by the situation, the subjects still chose to attribute their views to dispositional factors. Cultural variance may affect the Fundamental Attribution Error, as members from individualistic culture have a higher tendency to commit this error compared to members from a collectivistic ulture that are less prone to it. Miller (1984) supports this argument as he found that children from western cultures make dispositional attributions whilst children from India make situational attributions, particularly when explaining the actions of someone who has done wrong. Moghaddam (1998) also stated that the FAE was due to ‘pervasive individualism' of modern western culture. Reference: http://education. calumet. purdue. edu/vockell/edPsybook/Edpsy5/edpsy5_attribution. htm http://changingminds. org/explanations/theories/attribution_theory. tm http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Attribution_(psychology) http://changingminds. org/explanations/theories/fundamental_attribution_error. htm http://changingminds. org/explanations/theories/self-serving_bias. htm http://ibpsychologynotes. files. wordpress. com/2011/02/04-discuss-two-errors-in-attributions. pdf http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Fundamental_attribution_error http://ion. uwinnipeg. ca/~clark/teach/1000-050/Ch18-social. pdf http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Self-serving_bias http://www. psychwiki. com/wiki/Self-serving_bias

Critically discuss the Strategy in Action of Tesco plc The WritePass Journal

Critically discuss the Strategy in Action of Tesco plc INTRODUCTION Critically discuss the Strategy in Action of Tesco plc INTRODUCTIONPESTEL FRAMEWORK 2.1 Political Factors2.2 EconomicalFactors2.3Social/CulturalFactors2.4 Technological Factors2.5 Environmental FactorsPORTERS FIVE FORCES8.0 CONCLUSIONRelated INTRODUCTION Tesco plc is the food and drink retail sector represents the major industry in the UK, providing, manufacturing, employment for over three million people in the main production and retailing. In 2004 retail accounted for 9% of (GDP) gross domestic product (Datamonitor, 2003). In latest years UK supermarkets have come under increased analysis over their management of suppliers, yet the increase of strategic supply networks has been essential part of largely supermarket strategies for the past decade. This report is provides Tesco, with emphasis on its external environment and companys analysis of resources, competence and culture strategic and   the resources based on strategies. One of the largest food retailers in the world,   Tesco operating about 2,319 stores and employing over 325,000 people. It provides online services through its subsidiary, Tesco.com. The UK largest market   company   where it operates under four banners of Superstore, Extra,   Metro and Express. The company sells about 40,000 food products, non-food lines, clothing and other. The companys own-label products are at three levels, normal and finest, value,. As well as convenience produce, several stores have gas stations, becoming one of Britains largest independent petrol retailers. Other retailing services Tesco Personal Finance. PESTEL FRAMEWORK 2.1 Political Factors the company Operating in a globalized environment. Tesco has   stores around the world now operates   in the Republic of Ireland, Europe   , Slovakia, Poland , Czech Republic, Hungary and Turkey. It also operates in Asia in Thailand Japan Taiwan, South Korea,   and Malaysia it is performance is greatly influenced by the political and legislative situation of these countries, including the (EU). For employment  Ã‚   the government encourages retailers to provide a mix flexible   job opportunities, lower-paid and locally-based jobs to highly-skilled, higher- located jobs paid and centrally- (Balchin, 1994). Moreover to meet the demand from population categories such as working parents senior citizens and Students. 2.2 EconomicalFactors Tesco economic factors are of concern, because they are likely to influence demand, prices profits, and costs. One of the mainly influential factors on the economy is high unemployment levels, which decreases the effective demand for several goods. The economic factors are largely outside the control of the company, but their effects the marketing and performance can be deep. while international business is still increasing (Appendix A), and is expected to contribute better amounts to Tescos income over the next few years, the company is still highly dependent on the   market. therefore, it   would be badly affected by any slowdown exposed to the market concentration risks and in the UK food   market 2.3Social/CulturalFactors present trends show that British customers have moved towards ‘bulk shopping, which is due to a range of social changes. Tesco have, therefore, improved the quantity of non-food stuff available for sale. Demographic changes such as the aging of people, the female workers   are increase and a decline in preparation home meal mean that UK retailers are also focusing on services and added-value products . adding, the focus is now towards; the share of the   own-label in business mix, the operational improvements and   supply chain , which can drive costs out of the business. National retailers are increasingly reticent to take on new suppliers (Datamonitor Report, 2003Clarke, Bennison and Guy,1994;). The type of goods and services demanded by customers is a meaning of their consequent attitudes and beliefs and social conditioning . customers are becoming more and more aware of their attitudes towards food are constantly changing and   health issues. For instance   to accommodate an increased demand for organic products Tesco adapting the product mix, and also the first company   to allow customers to pay in cash and cheques at the checkout. 2.4 Technological Factors Technology is a main macro-environmental changeable which has influenced the increase of several   Tesco products. The new technologies benefit the company and customers satisfaction raises because services can become more personalised and shopping more convenient, goods are readily and available.The launch of the Efficient Consumer Response initiative provided the shift that is now apparent in the management of food supply chains (Datamonitor Report, 2003 2.5 Environmental Factors In 2003, there has been improved pressure on several companies and managers to admit their responsibility to society. (Johnson and Scholes, 2003) The major societal concern threatening food retailers has been environmental issues, a key region for companies to proceed in a socially responsible way. therefore, by recognizing this tendency in the broad ethical stance, the company   corporate social responsibility is concerned through the ways in which an organization exceeds the minimum obligations to stakeholders particular through regulation and business governance PORTERS FIVE FORCES Threat of New Entrants The UK grocery market is mainly   dominated by   competitors, including the major brands of Tesco ,Sainsburys   Safeway ,and   Asda, that   take a market share of 70% and small chains of Somerfield,   Waitrose and Budgens   with a further 10%. Over the last 30 years, Ritz (2005), the grocery market has been changed into the supermarket-dominated business. The   Majority of the large chains have built their power due to operating efficiency, major marketing-mix expenditure and one-stop shopping. This power had a large impact on the small traditional shops, such as, bakers, butchers and etc. therefore, these days it possesses a strong barrier for new companies who want to enter the grocery market. For example, it becomes rather difficult for new entrants to increase sufficient capital because of large fixed costs and highly developed supply chains.   in   advanced technology This is also evident in huge investments done by large chains, like T esco, for stock control systems that impact new entrants and the existing ones and checkouts . Other barriers include economies of scale achieved by Tesco. Bargaining Powerof Suppliers This force   that can be influenced by major grocery chains and that fear of losing their business to the large supermarkets. Therefore, this consolidates more leading positions of stores like Tesco and Asda in negotiating better     prices from suppliers that small individual chains are unable to match Ritz (2005).   UK based suppliers are also threatened by the rising ability of   retailers to source their products from abroad at cheaper deals. The relationship with sellers can have same effects in constraining the strategic freedom of the company and in influencing its margins. The forces of competitive rivalry have reduced the profit margins for suppliers and supermarket chains. Bargaining Power of Customers   Porter M. (1980) more products that become standardized or undifferentiated, the lower the switching cost, and therefore, more power is yielded to buyers. Tescos famous loyalty card – Club card remains the successful customer retention strategy that   increases the profitability of Tescos business. In meeting   customer needs, better choices, customizing service, ensure low prices,   constant flow of in-store promotions like Tesco enables brands to control and retain their customer base. In recent years the   food retailing has   changed   due to a large demand of consumers doing the majority of their shopping in supermarkets that shows a larger need for supermarkets to sell non-food items.   Also it has provided supermarkets with a new strategic expansion into new markets of banking. moreover Consumers have become more aware of the issues surrounding fairer trade and the influence of western consumers on the expectations and asp irations of Third World producers. Ethically and ecologically benign sound production of consumer produce such as coffee, tea, and cocoa is viable, and such products are widely available at the majority of large chains. Threat of Substitutes for a particular product General substitution is able to reduce demand, while there is a threat of consumers switching to the alternatives Porter M. (1980). In the grocery industry this can be seen in the form of the substitute of need or product-for-product     and is further weakened by new trends, such as the way small chains of convenience stores are emerging in the industry. In this case Tesco is trying to acquire existing small-scale operations and opening Express and Metro stores in city centres and local towns   Ritz (2005). 3.5Bargaining Powerof Competitors The grocery environment has seen a very significant growth in the size and market dominance of the larger players, with greater store size, increased retailer concentration, and the utilisation of a range of formats, which are now prominent characteristics of the sector. As it was mentioned above, the purchasing power of the food-retailing industry is concentrated in the hands of a relatively small number of retail buyers. Operating in a mature, flat market where growth is difficult (a driver of the diversification into non-food areas), and consumers are increasingly demanding and sophisticated, large chains as Tesco are accruing large amounts of consumer information that can be used to communicate with the consumer Ritz (2005). This highly competitive market has fostered an accelerated level of development, resulting in a situation in which UK grocery retailers have had to be innovative to maintain and build market share. Such innovation can be seen in the development of a range of trading formats, in response to changes in consumer behaviour. The dominant market leaders have responded by refocusing on price and value, whilst reinforcing the added value elements of their service. SWOTAnalysis   mus,,,, Tesco is the top grocer and leading retailer in its home market of the UK. Pitched at the broad middle mass-market, it has maintained its position through a clear focus, well targeted product offer and excellent record both in product and format innovation. Tesco also leads the world in online grocery retailing. In the UK the company concentrates on running grocery superstores, c-stores and an online service. Elsewhere the focus is usually on hypermarkets. In 2003, the groups trading record around Europe and UK has been outstanding. The full SWOT analysis of Tesco is presented in Appendix B, summarizing the key issues from the business environment and the strategic capability, including resources and competence, of the company that are most likely to impact on strategy development Strengths Increasing market share: Tesco holds a 13% share of the UK retail market. Its multi-format capability means that it will continue to grow share in food, while increasing space contribution from hypermarkets will allow it to drive a higher share in non-food. Tescos general growth and ROI show no sign of abating: In the UK, Tescos late 2002 investment into West-midlands based convenience store group TS was billed as the most aggressive move into the neighborhood market by a big-name retailer so far. The deal has turned Tesco into the countrys second biggest convenience store chain after the Co-operative Group, and the company also plans to open up 59 new stores in the UK this year. Tesco has grown its non-food division to the extent that its revenues now total 23% of total group earnings. Tescos international business segment is growing steadily, and is predicted to contribute nearly a quarter of group profits over the next five years. If geographical spread continues to grow, this will ensure Tescos continued regional strength. Insurance: In fiscal 2003 Tesco Personal Finance reached the milestone of one million motor insurance policies, making it the fastest growing motor insurance providerever.The groups instant travel insurance allows Clubcard holders to buy their holiday insurance conveniently at the checkout. Pet insurance now has over 330,000 cats and dogs covered, while the life insurance policy followed on from the success of last year, when it was voted The Most Competitive Life Insurance Provider in the MoneyFacts Awards 2003. Tesco online: Tesco.com is the worlds biggest online supermarket and this year the group had sales of over  £577 million, an increase of 29% on last year. Tesco online now operates in over 270 stores around the country, covering 96% of the UK. With over a million households nationwide having used the companys online services, the company has a strong platform to further develop this revenue stream. Brand value: Profits for Tescos operations in Europe, Asia and Ireland increased by 78% during the last fiscal year. The company has a strong brand image, and is associated with good quality, trustworthy goods that represent excellent value. Tescos innovative ways of improving the customer shopping experience, as well as its efforts to branch out into finance and insurance have also capitalized on this. UK market leadership reinforced: Since acquiring number one ranking in 1996, Tesco has developed a successful multiformat strategy that has accelerated its advantage. Its UK sales are now 71% larger than Sainsburys. Also the Competition Commissions report makes it very difficult for a competitor to challenge its scale and has effectively scuppered Wal-Marts chances of stealing UK leadership. Therefore, Tesco is in an enormously strong position in its domestic market. Weaknesses Reliance upon the UK market: Although international business is still growing, and is expected to contribute greater amounts to Tescos profits over the next few years, the company is still highly dependent on the UK market (73.8% of 2003 revenues). While this isnt a major weakness in the short term, any changes in the UK supermarket industry over the next year for example, like the Morrisons group successfully purchasing the Safeway chain could alter the balance of UK supermarket power, and affect share. Debt reduction: Tesco is not expected to reduce its debt until at least 2006. Tesco has a large capital expenditure program mainly due to its huge investment in space for new stores. Since its expansion is so aggressive, Tesco has little free cash for any other operations. Signs point to serial acquisitions: With an enterprise value of  £23 billion, Tesco clearly has enormous firepower. Also, its product range is vast and almost any acquisition can be justified, particularly in the UK. While fill the gap strategy would be useful to the company, as has been the case with the UK convenience market, there is the danger of Tesco becoming a serial acquirer, as this tends to reduce earnings visibility and quality. 8.0 CONCLUSION The success of the Tesco shows how far the branding and effective service delivery can come in moving beyond splashing ones logo on a billboard. It had fostered powerful identities by making their retiling concept into a virus and spending it out into the culture via a variety of channels: cultural sponsorship, political controversy, consumer experience and brand extensions. In a rapidly changing business environment with a high competitors pressure Tesco have to adopt new expansion strategies or diversified the existing in order to sustain its leading market position in an already established retailing market. The company must constantly adapt to the fast changing circumstances. Strategy formulation should therefore be regarded as a process of continuous learning, which includes learning about the goals, the effect of possible actions towards these goals and how to implement and execute these actions. The quality of a formulated strategy and the speed of its implementation will therefore directly depend on the quality of Tescos cognitive and behavioural learning processes. In large organizations as Tesco strategy should be analysed and implemented at various levels within the hierarchy. These different levels of strategy should be related and mutually supporting. Tescos strategy at a corporate level defines the businesses in which Tesco will compete, in a way that focuses resources to convert distinctive competence into competitive advantage

English Essays (212 words) - Animal Rights, Free Essays, Term Papers

English Essays (212 words) - Animal Rights, Free Essays, Term Papers 1.Over 100 million animals are burned, crippled, poisoned, and abused in US labs every year. 2.92% of experimental drugs that are safe and effective in animals fail in human clinical trials because they are too dangerous or dont work. 3.Labs that use mice, rats, birds, reptiles and amphibians are exempted from the minimal protections under the Animal Welfare Act (AWA). 4.Up to 90% of animals used in U.S. labs are not counted in the official statistics of animals tested. Take a stand by kidnapping your friends products that were tested on animals (seriously!). Sign up for Kidnapped Cosmetics. 5.Europe, the worlds largest cosmetic market, Israel and India have already banned animal testing for cosmetics, and the sale or import of newly animal-tested beauty products. Why introduce alternatives to animal testing? Humans and animals don't always react in the same way to a drug. One drug, TGN1412, was tested on animals and in humans. All the human patients suffered life-threatening side-effects which didn't appear in animals. Not all drugs are used for the original purpose they were designed for. Animal testing can't show all the potential uses of a drug. Ethical considerations - is it morally right to test all medicines on animals first?

GETTING THE BIGGEST BANG FOR YOUR BOOK-TOUR BUCK

GETTING THE BIGGEST BANG FOR YOUR BOOK-TOUR BUCK My short-story collection, QUIET AMERICANS, was published Some of this has depended on the assistance of generous friends and family in my destination locations. For instance, I’ve been lucky that these kindly connections respond to my promises of everlasting gratitude if they host book parties for me. (So far, my book and I have been the guests of honor in three cities.) But I’ve done more than drop vigorous hints to people predisposed to respond favorably to them. Consider my trip to Washington for a writers’ conference. I didn’t stop with the two panels and one book-signing that were scheduled for the conference site. One of the stories in my book is inspired More recently, after my application to participate in the Virginia Festival of the Book was accepted, and I learned exactly where and when my festival panel would take place,I tried to think creatively of ways I might meet still more readers in Charlottesville, a place where I didnt know a soul. An article in THE WRITER magazine introduced me to WriterHouse, Charlottesville’s thriving writing center. A few emails and one phone conversation later, I had a contract to teach a freelancing seminar there during my stay. Then, since my book features Jewish themes and characters even beyond the story inspired Of course, much of this success depends on the goodwill of others. But without thinking more broadly about opportunities that might cluster in each location, and without doing some initial research and outreach, none of it can happen. I’ve done it. You can, too. RESOURCES (primarily U.S.-based) Writing Conferences Centers: Literary Festivals: Museum Associations

SSAT Test Dates Complete Guide to Choosing (2017, 2018)

SSAT Test Dates Complete Guide to Choosing (2017, 2018) SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips When are the upcoming SSAT test dates? How often is this test administered?Students hoping to attend private schools often need to take the SSAT, and since this test is only given a few times a year, it’s important to know SSAT test dates so you can register early enough to ensure you get a spot. In this guide, we have a chart of the upcoming SSAT test dates which makes it easy to see when you can take the test and when you need to register. We also give tips on test fees, explain what to expect on test day, and give advice on when you should take the SSAT. When Are Upcoming SSAT Test Dates? The SSAT is administered eight times during a school year (August 1 - July 31).Middle and Upper versions of the test (for students in grades 5 through 11) are given on every test date, but the Elementary-level SSAT (for students in grades 3 and 4) isn’t administered on the October or November dates. Below is a chart of recent and upcoming SSAT dates and the registration deadlines for each.You should register for the SSAT at least three weeks before the exam date to avoid late fees.You can register for the SSAT up to three days before the exam, but you’ll end up paying $45 to $85 in late fees, depending on how late you register. SSAT Exam Date Regular Registration Deadline Late Registration Begins ($45 fee) Rush Registration Begins ($85 fee) Last Day for Registration Oct. 14, 2017* Sep. 23, 2017 Sep. 24, 2017 Oct. 1, 2017 Oct. 11, 2017 Nov. 11, 2017* Oct. 21, 2017 Oct. 22, 2017 Oct. 29, 2017 Nov. 8, 2017 Dec. 9, 2017 Nov. 18, 2017 Nov. 19, 2017 Nov. 26, 2017 Dec. 6, 2017 Jan. 6, 2018 Dec. 16, 2017 Dec. 17, 2017 Dec. 24, 2017 Jan. 3, 2018 Feb. 3, 2018 Jan. 13, 2018 Jan. 14, 2018 Jan. 21, 2018 Jan. 31, 2018 March 3, 2018 Feb. 10, 2018 Feb. 11, 2018 Feb. 18, 2018 Feb. 28, 2018 April 21, 2018 March 31, 2018 April 1, 2018 April 8, 2018 April 18, 2018 June 9, 2018 May 19, 2018 May 20, 2018 May 27, 2018 June 6, 2018 * No Elementary-Level SSAT testing on these dates If your student needs additional testing accommodations or needs to take the SSAT on a Sunday due to religious reasons, you can apply for testing accommodations.You’ll need to apply at least four weeks before the desired test date and have any requested materials submitted at least two weeks before the test date. What to Expect on SSAT Test Day Once you figure out your SSAT test date, there’s still more work to do! In this section we discuss all the info you need to be prepared on exam day. Where Are SSAT Exams Usually Held? SSAT exams are typically held at private schools and sometimes designated test centers.When you register for the SSAT, you’ll see a list of test center locations nearest to you, with the closest location at the top of the list. What Happens on Test Day? Most exams begin at 9:00AM, but you should double-check your admission ticket to be sure this is the case for the exam you register for.Be sure to arrive at the testing location at least 30 minutes early.The Elementary-Level test is about 110 minutes long, while the Middle and Upper-Level SSATs are about 170 minutes long. The Elementary-Level test includes one break, while the Middle and Upper-Level tests have two breaks. To learn more about what the SSAT tests and the types of questions you can expect, check out our in-depth guide to the SSAT. What Should You Bring to the SSAT? On test day remember to bring the following: Your SSAT admission ticket Sharpened #2 pencils An eraser That’s all you’ll need during the test! When Should You Take the SSAT? The most important factor for deciding when to take the SSAT is the admissions deadline of the school(s) you’re applying to.Scores are sent about two weeks after the SSAT exam dates, so be sure to choose an exam date that’s at least two weeks before the admission deadline. If possible, you may want to choose a test date later in the school year so your child has time to learn more and possibly score higher on the SSAT.Remember, the SSAT you register for is the one for the grade your child is currently in, not the grade they’ll be entering next year. Recap: Choosing SSAT Dates It’s important to know SSAT test locations and dates well before exam day so that you can register in time and meet the deadlines of the school(s) you’re applying to.The SSAT is administered eight times a year, typically at private schools. SSAT Testing dates are pretty consistent, so you can predict future test dates based on the upcoming SSAT dates in our chart.Most SSAT tests begin at 9AM and last between two and three hours. You should pick your test date primarily on the application deadlines of the schools you’re applying to. SSAT test dates later in the year may give your child time to learn more material and earn a higher score. What's Next? Want to learn more about what's covered on the Elementary, Middle, and Upper-level tests? Then be sure to readour complete guide to the SSAT. Looking for free materials to use for SSAT practice? We've gathered links to the best free SSAT practice tests here. Now you know when the SSAT is offered, but how do you register?Learn all the info you need to know in our step-by-step guide to SSAT registration. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Research paper based on millennial generation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Based on millennial generation - Research Paper Example Correspondingly, the objective of this research paper is to clearly understand the various perspectives of the Millennials and to determine the competencies of first-line supervisors, middle-level managers and corporate leaders, as needed to ensure employee engagement, commitment, and satisfaction within the organizations. When studying the key perspectives of the Millennials, it can be observed that during their relatively short time period till date, they have observed, experienced and came across the major boom and downfall scenarios in the world. Being young, they have witnessed the terrorist attacks, downfall in the global economy, wars and many other aspects, which has affected the geo-political and communal weather of the modern world, largely. Such scenarios have helped the young generation to learn about the various developmental needs and the changes taking place in the United State as well as across the world (Norcott & Emerson, n.d.). However, all these perspectives have shaped the ideologies of Millenials, as quite apparently different from those of the earlier generation such as the Baby Boomers, creating awareness regarding various inequalities currently persisting in the global dimension. These perspectives have further assisted them to understand their social responsibilities and stri ve harder to change the world in a more uniform way. The Millennials commonly believe that technological innovations have greatly transformed their life and have relatively revolutionized the global community. It is worth mentioning that many Millennials inherit the same values and cultures, as their forefathers, but new technology and tools have apparently increased their awareness as compared to Baby Boomers. They believe that they are not primarily focused on the issues affecting the stability and welfare of the United States, but are also concerned about the issues become affective globally. Contextually, it can be observed that

The Batek of Malaysia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Batek of Malaysia - Research Paper Example They are one of the groups of Malayan aborigines (Orang Asli) and from historic times they have always been gathering food by hunting and gathering natural resources (Bisht and Bankoti, 2004, p.100). This paper will focus on forage as primary mode of subsistence of the Batek population and its impact on some aspects of their culture. The Batek have maintained their primitive lifestyles but with time they might be facing challenging with respect to upholding their beliefs and traditions. There is a population of 133,000 Orang Asli in Malaysia and they are divided into 3 groups which again has 18 ethnic sub-groups. Each group has an identity of their and differ in language, culture and also architecture. In the age of urbanization they have adopted modern lifestyles and have come to live in urban areas. However, the Batek still maintain their traditional nomadic lifestyle (Beswick, 2010). The Batek people claim to have a strong and positive relationship with the forest. They hunt for food in the forests and also take refuge in the forests. In spite of their dependence on forests, their everyday life can be in danger. As with other nomadic groups, the Batek too suffer from this fear. The major factor that contributes to their fear of life is falling of trees. The Batek have an inherently practical approach to this problem. They cut down a tree if they think it has the possibility of falling over their camp. If cutting down of a tree does not seem possible then they escape from the way of the tree. As the best and hassle free solution they build their camps in place where there are no old trees so that they are saved from the threat of potential falling trees. In general term, this fear of the Batek of falling trees is a fitting environmental behaviour and can be considered normal for people living among trees. The Batek people believe that the world will cease to exist if no people live in the forests and so according to their belief they are holding up the world by remaining attached to the forests. Administrative boundaries do not restrict the Batak and they move freely in and out of Taman Negar a Park. Based on their political and sexually democratic structure, there exist no boundaries among groups. The main characteristic of their daily camp life is fluctuation. The Batek people always look for new zones for resource and so their encampments are always fresh and in established sites (Tuck-Po, 2005, pp.250-251). A camp group has an average of 38 people and in general does not remain in one place for more than two weeks. They move from one rive valley to another in three to four months. Their movement is not random through the forest. They follow a definite walking trail and other pathways including rivers and streams (Tuck-Po, 2005, pp.250-251). The Batek do not have ownership of lands and they only look after lands. This makes them easier to move every five months so that the forest can replenish (Beswick, 2010). In Batek society leadership is not ascribed. It is based on situation and activity. Although individuals make decisions, still group decisions act as the best c ompromise between peaceful agreements and chaotic conflicts. Dominating behaviour is not favorably accepted and even the children have the right to object and refuse obedience. The nuclear family is the primary unit for production and consumption. An important social performance is the practice of sharing of food between households. The largest share of food that they gather goes to the family members of the hunter and their closest kin and the remaining portion of the food is distributed among the other members of the

Computer ethics and law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Computer ethics and law - Essay Example To put the discussion into perspective, we’ll use a case study involving a computer professional and a client requiring a personnel management database system. The client chooses the least secure security system from among the list of systems provided. The computer professional clearly clarifies to the customer the security loopholes associated with the system, notable, the risk of unauthorised access to the sensitive personnel information, which might lead to compromise of personnel information by hackers, but the client insists on using it. As Bittner & Hornecker (2002, p. 1) notes, the daily routine of computer professionals provides them with unique opportunities to â€Å"do the right thing† as well as numerous obstacles to achieving this. However, as Norman (1988, p. 2) puts it, the â€Å"...design of technological artefacts should minimise risk and consequences of error.† All professional are obliged to act in such a way as to be worthy of the clientsâ€⠄¢ trust (Bayles 1989) and to ensure social responsibility in all their duties (Durbin 1992). Martin (2011) adds to this by using the words â€Å"pride, honor and self-respect† to describe the ideal conduct of computer professionals. In deciding the way to go, the computer professional in this case study should consider the ethical and professional provisions of the IEEE-CS/ACM Software Engineering Code of Ethics and Professional Practice as it is generally accepted as a standard documentation of software engineers’ ethical and professional requirements and responsibilities. The code has eight principles which Gotterbarn (2000) says are not to be considered as completely exhaustive since there is no way of telling what moral concerns may emerge in the future. They should instead act as a broad framework for professional ethics. Gotterbarn, Miller & Rogerson (1997) reiterate this saying that he IEEE-CS/ACM SECEPP is â€Å"not intended to be all inclusive, nor is it int ended that its individual parts be used in isolation to justify errors of omission or commission†. At the general scale, the IEEE-CS/ACM SECEPP stresses on the engineering profession’s obligation to the public whose health, welfare and safety should take precedence and indeed form the basis of the eight principles of the SECEPP. The â€Å"Public† principle is of particular relevance to our case study. Gotterbarn (1999) argues that computer professionals have substantial chances â€Å"†¦to do good or cause harm† and to aid and influence others to do the same. The principle of Public however requires software engineers to put the public interest first. Not only does this principle hold software engineers responsible for their decisions. In that context, they are required to balance the needs of all the parties (employer, customer, and themselves) with the welfare and safety of the public. This empowers the software engineers to disapprove any software o r component of an IT system that might threaten privacy, degrade the environment, compromise the quality of human life and is especially critical in the manufacture of safety-critical software; computer software whose failure or error can cause directly

Implementation and Analysis Proposition 30 ( increase tax for Essay

Implementation and Analysis Proposition 30 ( increase tax for education ) - Essay Example The policy affects the upper income tax payers because they are the one to pay additional tax for the funding of the state’s budgeted programs. However, the beneficiaries of the policy range from community colleges and schools, universities, department of development services, department of parks and recreation, department of fish and game, city police departments among other funded educational programs (Williams, 2011). The Proposition 30 will increase the rate of Sales Tax from 2013 all the way to 2016 by 9.3%. This policy measure will increase statewide rate of sales tax by almost one quarter for each dollar of purchased goods. The policy will be effective for four years. The Proposition 30 will also increase the rates of Personal Income Tax from 2012 to 2018. The policy measure will increase the already existing 9.3 percent rates on the higher incomes. The supplementary marginal rate of tax will increase with the increase in taxable income. The policy will add state revenue from 2018 through to 2019. Through the fiscal years in which both the personal income tax and sales tax increases as stated above due to phasing in and phasing out of the higher rates of taxes, the smaller increases in revenue are likely to be seen in 2011/2012, 2017/2018, and 2018/2019 (Jeffrey And Aaron, 1984). The revenue could also be seen changing from year to year significantly. This would be so through multibillion dollar swing either below or above the projected revenues. This could be because the majority of extra revenue would result from the increase on rates of personal income tax on the upper income taxpayers. Additionally, the bigger part of the reported income by the upper income taxpayers is associated with their businesses and investments, rather than their salaries and wages. The policy as mentioned before will also benefit schools, because the new tax revenues